The BLT: The Blog of Legal Times

D.C. Circuit: Bin Laden Death Images Can Remain Secret

Updated 1:30 p.m.

More than 50 images of Osama bin Laden taken after his death in Pakistan in 2011 can remain secret, exempt from public disclosure under public records laws, a federal appeals court in Washington said today.

A three-judge panel of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit said 52 post-mortem images were properly classified as Top Secret. The panel upheld a trial judge's ruling that blocked the release of images. The appellate court ruling is here.

The U.S. Justice Department argued in the trial and appellate courts that the disclosure of graphic images of bin Laden—including a gunshot wound to his head—could expose the United States to retaliation. The plaintiff, Judicial Watch, rejected the notion that less gruesome images—for instance, bin Laden's burial at sea—would incite violence.

"As the district court rightly concluded, however, the CIA’s declarations give reason to believe that releasing images of American military personnel burying the founder and leader of al Qaeda could cause exceptionally grave harm," the D.C. Circuit panel said in its per curiam decision.

D.C. Court: Judges Can Investigate Juror Racial Bias

Judges confronted with allegations of racial or ethnic bias among jurors are allowed to investigate the claims, the District of Columbia Court of Appeals ruled yesterday. The opinion created a new exception to case law historically barring judges from questioning jurors about their process.

Whether judges can probe racial or ethnic bias among jurors after a verdict is an issue that's divided federal courts, according to the opinion, which was written by Judge Anna Blackburne-Rigsby. The three-judge panel found a juror's allegation of racist statements made by another juror wasn't evidence of "extraneous influence" on a verdict – a standard for examining juror behavior – but was still serious enough to raise constitutional concerns.

"The insidiousness of racial or ethnic bias is therefore distinguishable from other forms of juror misconduct or incompetence," Blackburne-Rigsby wrote. "[W]e are unwilling to rigidly bind the discretion of trial judges to prevent further inquiry where it may be necessary to ensure that a defendant's constitutional rights to a fair and impartial trial and jury are not jeopardized by racial or ethnic bias."

Unsealed Opinion Offers Few Clues on Mayoral Probe

Updated at 4:31 p.m.

The U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit today unsealed a ruling in a dispute that features a prominent Washington businessman who’s caught up in an investigation of corruption in the 2010 mayoral campaign.

Jeffrey Thompson, who has not been charged with a crime, is one of several individuals under scrutiny for possible campaign finance violations during Mayor Vincent Gray's 2010 mayoral run; Gray (D) has not been charged with a crime. Thompson is being investigated in connection with an unlawful $650,000 "shadow campaign" that supported Gray.

Thompson appealed a trial judge's order rejecting his challenge to the government's plan to review evidence seized last year from his home and office. The redacted opinion didn't offer new information about the case or the status of the grand jury investigation. But the decision did include a few hints as to Thompson's legal defense strategies, at least in the minds of the judges. (The opinion doesn’t mention Thompson by name, but he was identified as the subject of the proceedings in trial court documents.)

Prosecutor, Two Judges Recommended for Superior Court

A federal prosecutor, magistrate judge and administrative law judge are being considered by the White House for a vacancy on the District of Columbia Superior Court.

The District of Columbia Judicial Nomination Commission, a local body that vets applicants for vacancies on the city's local courts, announced late yesterday it had recommended Assistant U.S. Attorney Ann Marie Carroll, Superior Court Magistrate Judge William Nooter and Administrative Law Judge Steven Wellner to take Superior Court Judge A. Franklin Burgess Jr.'s seat. Burgess is retiring in August and seeking senior status.

President Barack Obama will have 60 days to select a nominee. He can choose from the latest group of recommended lawyers, or any lawyer already sent up by the commission for consideration to fill other pending vacancies.

D.C. Superior Court Nominees Testify in the Senate

Two lawyers who spent most of their careers on opposite sides of a courtroom testified today before a U.S. Senate committee in the hopes of serving together on the District of Columbia Superior Court bench.

Washington solo practitioner Michael O'Keefe, whose practice is mostly in criminal defense and family law, and Robert Okun, chief of the special proceedings division at the U.S. attorney's office in D.C., were nominated by the White House in March. At today's hearing, they pitched their extensive history practicing in Superior Court and experience working with a variety of litigants, including those without a lawyer.

Neither nominee faced criticism. Sen. Mark Begich (D-Alaska), who chairs the subcommittee overseeing District of Columbia affairs, said they were "well-qualified" to serve. The nominees did face questions from Sen. Rand Paul (R-Ky.), the subcommittee's ranking member, about their views on the city's gun laws, which have been the subject of legal challenges; both said they would abide by rulings from the U.S. Supreme Court and District of Columbia Court of Appeals.

The Morning Wrap

Defending: Attorney General Eric Holder Jr. says he's confident prosecutors didn't botch any guidelines in the collection of phone records from The Associated Press, telling reporters that the investigation of a leak required "very aggressive" action. The National Law Journal has this report on the flap over the subpoenas. Holder told NPR that he's unsure how many media subpoenas he has authorized. POLITICO reports here on Holder's reemergence in the national spotlight.

Back again: "In the aftermath of a national tragedy, Kenneth R. Feinberg has become the essential man," The New York Times reports today. Feinberg has been a central figure in dividing up victim compensation funds following major catastrophes.

Pause button: A candidate for Brooklyn district attorney wants CBS to delay airing a reality series about the office's work under the leadership of Charles Hynes. The challenger, Abraham George, says the program would run afoul of election finance laws. "We are surprised that this candidate would not know about the First Amendment," a CBS spokesman said. "This is obviously a publicity push by a politician."

The limit: The National Transportation Safety Board is recommending states cut drunk-driving thresholds from .08 to .05. "The proposal, among others by the board, faces a long road before, if ever, becoming the law of the land. It took more than 20 years for all the states to act after the NTSB recommended reducing the drunk driving threshold in 1982," according to a report in The Baltimore Sun.

Report: 'Confusion' About D.C. Post-Arrest Procedures

Updated at 3:36 p.m.

A committee of prosecutors, defense lawyers and law enforcement officials are calling on the District of Columbia Council to reform laws surrounding post-arrest procedures, identifying "confusion" among the public and within the criminal justice system.

A report published by the Council for Court Excellence recommended legislative changes that would clarify eligibility for certain-post arrest options and urged law enforcement agencies to create "plain English" descriptions of those options for arrestees.

"It puts the public on notice in a little clearer way: for these offenses, here are the potential options," said Cliff Keenan, director of the Pretrial Services Agency for the District of Columbia and chair of the group that put together the report.

DOJ Defends Review of Associated Press Phone Records

Updated 11:20 p.m.

The U.S. Justice Department is defending its review of two months of phone records for a group of reporters and editors at the Associated Press, which called the government action "a massive and unprecedented intrusion" into newsgathering.

The news agency publicly disclosed the Justice Department's review of the phone records in a protest letter to Attorney General Eric Holder Jr. "There can be no possible justification for such an overbroad collection of the telephone communications of The Associated Press and its reporters," Gary Pruitt, president and chief executive officer of the AP, wrote.

"That the Department undertook this unprecedented step without providing any notice to the AP, and without taking any steps to narrow the scope of its subpoenas to matters actually relevant to an ongoing investigation, is particularly troubling," Pruitt said. Prosecutors collected records on 20 separate phone lines.

A statement from the U.S. Attorney's Office for the District of Columbia did not reveal the nature of the investigation. The Justice Department, however, has previously disclosed that the Maryland and District of Columbia U.S. attorneys are investigating, among other national security matters, the leak of information that provided the substance of an Associated Press story, published in May 2012, about an alleged terrorist plot that was thwarted.

Members of Congress on Wednesday will get a chance to question Holder about the rare move to subpoena newspaper reporters' phone records. Holder is scheduled to testify at the House Judiciary Committee for an oversight hearing.

D.C. Circuit Weighs Child Pornography Restitution Case

The thorny question of how to calculate restitution to victims of child pornography came back before the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit last week, with the U.S. Department of Justice defending a proposed formula.

Friday's arguments marked the second time the court considered the case of Michael Monzel. Monzel pleaded guilty to one count each of distribution and possession of child pornography. A trial judge ordered Monzel to pay $5,000 to a victim known by the pseudonym "Amy," but on remand from the D.C. Circuit reduced the award to zero, finding the government didn't produce evidence on how much of Amy's losses he caused.

The government appealed, arguing U.S. District Judge Gladys Kessler was wrong to reduce the award and that its proposed formula – dividing a victim's total losses by the number of individuals found criminally responsible and then adjusting based on certain factors – represented a fair solution. Monzel's lawyer, Federal Public Defender A.J. Kramer, said the formula was arbitrary and that Kessler was right to reduce the award after the government presented no evidence linking his client to specific losses.

DOJ Asks D.C. Circuit to Keep Surveillance Law Memo Secret

The Justice Department wants to keep secret an internal legal memo that addresses the scope of the authority under which the FBI can seek records from telecommunications companies.

DOJ lawyers have asked the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit to protect the Office of Legal Counsel memo from disclosure in an ongoing public records suit. The government contends the document is protected by the deliberative process privilege.

"Mandatory disclosure of OLC's opinions would chill deliberative discussions within the Executive Branch," Daniel Tenny, a Justice Department appellate lawyer, said in a brief filed in the appeals court May 7. "OLC serves a valuable role in providing confidential legal advice to federal agencies as they develop their policies."